Perspective of Professional Integrity in University Teachers: A Qualitative Study
Keywords:
Professional, integrity, morality, quality teaching, research, university teachers
Abstract
Introduction. Teachers play a vital role in our education system. It is important for teachers to have integrity and ethical standards. The present study was conducted to unveil the perception of Professional Integrity in university teachers.
Method. Purposive sample of hundred and four university teachers (n = 104) belonging to different departments were drawn from four public sector universities of Lahore and Islamabad. Their age of university teachers ranged from 25 to 62 years. Open ended questionnaire was constructed keeping in view the previous literature and model about integrity. The questionnaire was administered online due to the outburst of pandemic (Covid-19).
Results. The responses were analyzed by using thematic analysis. Eight themes were derived namely professionalism, honesty, positive attributes, negative attributes, attitude with colleagues, attitude with students, quality of teaching, morality, institutional factors and research integrity.
Conclusion. The study revealed various factors that influence teachers’ integrity. This study has implications for the universities to enhance professional integrity in teachers. Teachers can be trained incorporate professional integrity in their academic journey.
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References
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Hinman, L. M. (2002). Academic integrity and the World Wide Web. ACM SIGCAS Computers and Society, 32(1), 33–42. https://doi.org/10.1145/511134.511139
Marušić, A., Bošnjak, L., & Jerončić, A. (2011). A Systematic Review of Research on the Meaning, Ethics and Practices of Authorship across Scholarly Disciplines. PLoS ONE, 6(9), e23477. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0023477
Micheál Ó Gríofa, & Tomás Ó Ruairc. (2012). Code of Professional Conduct for Teachers. https://www.teachingcouncil.ie/en/_fileupload/professional-standards/code_of_conduct_2012_web-19june2012.pdf
Moscardini, L. (2015). Primary special school teachers’ knowledge and beliefs about supporting learning in numeracy. Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs, 15(1), 37–47. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-3802.12042
Mushtaq, S., & Mustafa, M, T. (2021). National Professional Standards for Teachers in Pakistan in Light of Teaching of the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H). Journal of Policy Research 7(2). http://rfh.org.pk/jur/magazine-category/jpr
Nillsen, R. (2005). The Concept of Integrity in Teaching and Learning. Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice, 2(3), 96–105. https://doi.org/10.53761/1.2.3.9
Oberlander, S. E., & Spencer, R. J. (2006). Graduate Students and the Culture of Authorship. Ethics & Behavior, 16(3), 217–232. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327019eb1603_3
Ofojebe, W. N., & Ezugoh, C. (2010). Teachers’ motivation and its influence on quality assurance in the Nigerian educational system. African Research Review, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.4314/afrrev.v4i2.58352
Peters, M. A. (2019). Academic integrity: An interview with Tracey Bretag. In Educational Philosophy and Theory, 51(8), 751–756. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2018.1506726
Rose, M. R., & Fischer, K. (1998). Do Authorship Policies Impact Students’ Judgments of Perceived Wrongdoing? Ethics & Behaviour, 8(1), 59–79. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327019eb0801_5
Sahito, Z., Khawaja, M., Panhwar, U. M., Siddiqui, A., & Saeed, H. (2016). Teachers’ Time Management and the Performance of Students: A Comparison of Government and Private Schools of Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. World Journal of Education, 6(6). https://doi.org/10.5430/wje.v6n6p42
Rimm-Kaufman, S & Sandilos, L. (2018). Improving Students’ Relationships With Teachers. American Psychological Association. Retrieved from https://www.apa.org/education-career/k12/relationships
Shahabuddin, S. (2009). Plagiarism in Academia. International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 21(3), 353–359. http://www.isetl.org/ijtlhe/
Toom, A. (2017). Social relations contributing to teachers’ professional capabilities and integrity: for the best of student learning. Teachers and Teaching, 23(6), 631–634. https://doi.org/10.1080/13540602.2017.1327403
Vandekerckhove, W. (2010). On the Notion of Organisational Integrity. Philosophy of Management, 9(1), 123–134. https://doi.org/10.5840/pom20109121
Amir, S., Sharif, N., Khan, A. (2020). Pakistan’s Education System: An Analysis of Education Policies and Drawbacks. Electronic Research Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2(1). www.eresearchjournal.com
Arasli, H., & Tumer, M. (2008). Nepotism, favouritism and cronyism: A study of their effects on job stress and job satisfaction in the banking industry of North Cyprus. Social Behaviour and Personality: An International Journal, 36(9), 1237–1250. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2008.36.9.1237
Aydogan, I. (2008). Favouritism in the classroom: a study on Turkish schools. Journal of Instructional Psychology, 35, 159–168.
Ayodele, J. B., & Ige, M. (2012). Teachers utilization as correlate of students’ academic performance in senior secondary schools in Ondo State, Nigeria. European Journal of Education Studies, 4(2), 281-287. doi:10.18767/EJES.50873
Azer, S. A. (2005). The qualities of a good teacher: how can they be acquired and sustained? Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 98(2), 67–69. https://doi.org/10.1258/jrsm.98.2.67
Banks, S. (2010). Integrity in Professional Life: Issues of Conduct, Commitment and Capacity. British Journal of Social Work, 40(7), 2168–2184. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcp152
Barnard, A., Schurink, W., & De Beer, M. (2008). A conceptual framework of integrity. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 34(2). https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v34i2.427
Bartholomew, K. J., Ntoumanis, N., Mouratidis, A., Katartzi, E., Thøgersen-Ntoumani, C., & Vlachopoulos, S. (2018). Beware of your teaching style: A school-year long investigation of controlling teaching and student motivational experiences. Learning and Instruction, 53, 50–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2017.07.006
Bavdekar, S. (2012). Authorship issues. Lung India, 29(1), 76. https://doi.org/10.4103/0970-2113.92371
Bibi, N., & Khan, W. (2018). A Survey of Quality of Guidance Services at Allama Iqbal Open University Professor Qurtaba University Peshawar. Pakistan Journal of Distance and Online Learning, 4(1), 120-138. https://pjsel.jehanf.com/index.php/journal/article/view/136
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Brown, M. E., & Treviño, L. K. (2006). Ethical leadership: A review and future directions. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(6), 595–616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2006.10.004
Buzzelli, C., & Johnston, B. (2001). Authority, power, and morality in classroom discourse.Teaching and Teacher Education, 17, 873–884. Doi:10.1016/S0742-051X(01)00037-3
Chory‐Assad, R. M., & Paulsel, M. L. (2004). Classroom justice: student aggression and resistance as reactions to perceived unfairness. Communication Education, 53(3), 253–273. https://doi.org/10.1080/0363452042000265189
Emmer, E. T., & Stough, L. M. (2001). Classroom Management: A Critical Part of Educational Psychology, With Implications for Teacher Education. Educational Psychologist, 36(2), 103–112. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15326985EP3602_5
Gaikwad, P. (2011). Teaching with Integrity: A Focus on Higher Education. International Forum Journal, 14(2). https://journals.aiias.edu/info/article/view/159
Glick, S. M. (2001). Cheating at medical school. Bio Medical Journal, 322(7281), 250–251. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.322.7281.250
Halfon, M. S. (1989). Integrity: A Philosophical Inquiry. Temple University Press.
Harrison, T., & Walker, D. I. (2018). The Theory and Practice of Virtue Education. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315265353
Hinman, L. M. (2002). Academic integrity and the World Wide Web. ACM SIGCAS Computers and Society, 32(1), 33–42. https://doi.org/10.1145/511134.511139
Marušić, A., Bošnjak, L., & Jerončić, A. (2011). A Systematic Review of Research on the Meaning, Ethics and Practices of Authorship across Scholarly Disciplines. PLoS ONE, 6(9), e23477. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0023477
Micheál Ó Gríofa, & Tomás Ó Ruairc. (2012). Code of Professional Conduct for Teachers. https://www.teachingcouncil.ie/en/_fileupload/professional-standards/code_of_conduct_2012_web-19june2012.pdf
Moscardini, L. (2015). Primary special school teachers’ knowledge and beliefs about supporting learning in numeracy. Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs, 15(1), 37–47. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-3802.12042
Mushtaq, S., & Mustafa, M, T. (2021). National Professional Standards for Teachers in Pakistan in Light of Teaching of the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H). Journal of Policy Research 7(2). http://rfh.org.pk/jur/magazine-category/jpr
Nillsen, R. (2005). The Concept of Integrity in Teaching and Learning. Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice, 2(3), 96–105. https://doi.org/10.53761/1.2.3.9
Oberlander, S. E., & Spencer, R. J. (2006). Graduate Students and the Culture of Authorship. Ethics & Behavior, 16(3), 217–232. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327019eb1603_3
Ofojebe, W. N., & Ezugoh, C. (2010). Teachers’ motivation and its influence on quality assurance in the Nigerian educational system. African Research Review, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.4314/afrrev.v4i2.58352
Peters, M. A. (2019). Academic integrity: An interview with Tracey Bretag. In Educational Philosophy and Theory, 51(8), 751–756. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2018.1506726
Rose, M. R., & Fischer, K. (1998). Do Authorship Policies Impact Students’ Judgments of Perceived Wrongdoing? Ethics & Behaviour, 8(1), 59–79. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327019eb0801_5
Sahito, Z., Khawaja, M., Panhwar, U. M., Siddiqui, A., & Saeed, H. (2016). Teachers’ Time Management and the Performance of Students: A Comparison of Government and Private Schools of Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. World Journal of Education, 6(6). https://doi.org/10.5430/wje.v6n6p42
Rimm-Kaufman, S & Sandilos, L. (2018). Improving Students’ Relationships With Teachers. American Psychological Association. Retrieved from https://www.apa.org/education-career/k12/relationships
Shahabuddin, S. (2009). Plagiarism in Academia. International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 21(3), 353–359. http://www.isetl.org/ijtlhe/
Toom, A. (2017). Social relations contributing to teachers’ professional capabilities and integrity: for the best of student learning. Teachers and Teaching, 23(6), 631–634. https://doi.org/10.1080/13540602.2017.1327403
Vandekerckhove, W. (2010). On the Notion of Organisational Integrity. Philosophy of Management, 9(1), 123–134. https://doi.org/10.5840/pom20109121
Published
2022-12-26
Section
Articles
